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DEJAVU - Déjà vu |
An antique machine with $\binom{N}{3}$ switches capable of processing integers in the range $0 \ldots 2^N - 1$ has just been discovered. Each switch is associated to a distinct integer in $0 \ldots 2^N - 1$ with exactly three ones in its binary representation. By setting switches associated with number $X_0, X_1, \ldots, X_{M-1}$ to on, any integer $Y$ passing through the machine will render a result of $Y \oplus X_0 \oplus X_1 \oplus \ldots \oplus X_{M-1}$ (here “$\oplus$” stands for bitwise- XOR).
Further inspections reveal that contrary to what we assumed in problem B, some of the switches on the machine are damaged due to their old age. We are interested in whether a configuration transforming integer $S$ into $T$ still exists, and if so, the minimum number of switches that have to be set to on to make it possible.
WARNING: a naïve algorithm might not be sufficient to solve this problem.
Input
There are multiple test cases in the input file.
Each test case starts with two integers, $N$ and $M$ ($1 \le N \le 20$), representing the number of bits and the number of functioning switches, respectively. Two integers, $S$ and $T$ ($0 \le S, T < 2^N$), come in the next line, followed by another $M$ lines, the ith one describing the value $V_i$ associated to the ith switch ($0 \le V_i < 2^N$).
Two successive test cases are separated by a blank line. A case with $N = 0$ and $M = 0$ indicates the end of the input file, and should not be processed by your program.
Output
For each test case, please print a single integer, the minimum number of operations, or “Impossible” (without quotes) if no feasible sequence exists.
Example
Sample Input 6 7 55 21 11 22 25 56 41 49 28 5 2 0 21 22 28 0 0 Output for the Sample Input Case #1: 2 Case #2: Impossible
Added by: | Fudan University Problem Setters |
Date: | 2009-11-01 |
Time limit: | 10s |
Source limit: | 50000B |
Memory limit: | 1536MB |
Cluster: | Cube (Intel G860) |
Languages: | All except: ASM64 C99 GOSU NODEJS OBJC PERL6 VB.NET |
Resource: | ACM/ICPC Regional Contest, Hangzhou 2008 |