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LCA - Lowest Common Ancestor |
A tree is an undirected graph in which any two vertices are connected by exactly one simple path. In other words, any connected graph without cycles is a tree. - Wikipedia
The lowest common ancestor (LCA) is a concept in graph theory and computer science. Let T be a rooted tree with N nodes. The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself). - Wikipedia
Your task in this problem is to find the LCA of any two given nodes v and w in a given tree T.
For example the LCA of nodes 9 and 12 in this tree is the node number 3.
Input
The first line of input will be the number of test cases. Each test case will start with a number N the number of nodes in the tree, 1 ≤ N ≤ 1,000. Nodes are numbered from 1 to N. The next N lines each one will start with a number M the number of child nodes of the Nth node, 0 ≤ M ≤ 999 followed by M numbers the child nodes of the Nth node. The next line will be a number Q the number of queries you have to answer for the given tree T, 1 ≤ Q ≤ 1000. The next Q lines each one will have two number v and w in which you have to find the LCA of v and w in T, 1 ≤ v, w ≤ 1,000.
Input will guarantee that there is only one root and no cycles.
Output
For each test case print Q + 1 lines, The first line will have “Case C:” without quotes where C is the case number starting with 1. The next Q lines should be the LCA of the given v and w respectively.
Example
Input: 1 7 3 2 3 4 0 3 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 2 5 7 2 7 Output: Case 1: 3 1
Added by: | hossamyosef |
Date: | 2013-05-13 |
Time limit: | 0.600s-1.113s |
Source limit: | 50000B |
Memory limit: | 1536MB |
Cluster: | Cube (Intel G860) |
Languages: | All |
Resource: | FCIS/ASU Local Contest 2013 |
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2017-07-27 09:04:33
I am getting rte with memory usage of 2000M. Please Help. <snip>. Using lca + rmq(sparse table) Last edit: 2022-09-10 23:24:28 |
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2017-07-25 21:41:25
can someone plz tell me what is wrong in my code , im using lca+rmq <snip> Last edit: 2022-09-10 23:24:34 |
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2017-06-15 11:11:29 sonu
build ->o(n) query->o(sqrt(n)) works!! |
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2017-05-30 11:03:13
My 100th :) |
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2017-05-15 01:10:57
TAKE "1" as ROOT node always. I take root node as node whose parent is not given in input.--> WA |
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2017-04-25 17:37:09 Andres R. Arrieche S. [UCLA-ve]
Same algorithm: C++ AC with time 0.37 . Java TLE :S |
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2017-03-25 00:48:08
AC in one go! just make level of both nodes same and then trace their common parent :) |
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2017-03-02 06:05:38
I just used a single set of additional back-pointers (BIT-like) and a level tag, 0.02s. Much faster to code than <O(N), O(1)> solution. |
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2016-12-06 12:02:42
LCA with RMQ |
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2016-12-04 00:02:37
Node 1 is always the root :D |